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Systemic Absorption from Oral Vancomycin: Check the Dose!
Author(s) -
Coutsouvelis John,
Witney Kate A,
Corallo Carmela E,
Spelman Denis
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of pharmacy practice and research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.222
H-Index - 22
eISSN - 2055-2335
pISSN - 1445-937X
DOI - 10.1002/j.2055-2335.2011.tb00867.x
Subject(s) - vancomycin , medicine , clostridium difficile , septic shock , neutropenia , intensive care unit , creatinine , antibiotics , gastroenterology , intensive care medicine , sepsis , toxicity , staphylococcus aureus , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , bacteria , genetics
Background Oral vancomycin is increasingly being used to treat Clostridium difficile infection. The extent of systemic absorption of oral vancomycin is unpredictable and usually minimal. However, in the presence of factors, such as renal impairment, or if high doses are used for prolonged periods, systemic absorption may occur, resulting in therapeutic levels of vancomycin. Aim To describe a case of systemic absorption of oral vancomycin. Clinical details A 69 year‐old female with neutropenia and severe diarrhoea was admitted to the intensive care unit after an episode of hypotension due to hypovolaemia and septic shock. Fecal cultures were positive for C. difficile infection and she was started on oral vancomycin 500 mg 6‐hourly. Serum creatinine at this time was 161 micromol/L. The clinical pharmacist identified the high dose of oral vancomycin being used and the potential problem with its absorption and recommended monitoring levels. After 7 days of treatment at this dose, the last 6 with normal creatinine, a spot level indicated a systemic vancomycin level of 5 mg/L. Outcome On the return of a negative C. difficile culture, oral vancomycin was ceased after 9 days of treatment. Conclusion The literature does not support oral vancomycin doses above 125 mg 6‐hourly for the initial treatment of C. difficile ‐associated diarrhoea.