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COMPARISON OF MULTISTAGE EXTRACTION INSTALLATIONS WITH SEPARATION OF THE SOLID PHASE BETWEEN THE STAGES IN HOPS ( HUMULUS LUPULUS L .) EXTRACTION
Author(s) -
Demireva Z. N.,
Minchev A. D.,
Kabzev Y. M.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
journal of the institute of brewing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.523
H-Index - 51
eISSN - 2050-0416
pISSN - 0046-9750
DOI - 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1993.tb01166.x
Subject(s) - extraction (chemistry) , humulus lupulus , flow (mathematics) , yield (engineering) , raw material , process (computing) , chromatography , process engineering , computer science , mathematics , chemistry , materials science , hop (telecommunications) , engineering , computer network , geometry , organic chemistry , metallurgy , operating system
The multistage extraction installations using cross‐flow and back‐flow schemes are successful in hops extraction. Both types of extraction process have been investigated, comparing the installations in order to specify the most appropriate scheme and determine the number of stages required. A three stage extraction with separation of a part of the solid phase between the stages was carried out. The parameters of each extraction stage of a cross‐flow and a back‐flow installation were calculated. It was established that in the cross‐flow scheme the third stage was unnecessary since a minimal part of the bitter substances was extracted in it and the extract yield was too low. Moreover in the cross‐flow installations a very high extraction efficiency was achieved, (94, 67%) but with a large consumption of extracting solvent (3,24.10 −2 m 3 /kg) whilst in the back‐flow scheme the extraction efficiency was much lower (71,4%) but with a reduced solvent consumption (1,2.10 −2 m 3 /kg). The comparison of both installations demonstrates that the back‐flow scheme is not very successful and that it is advisable to use a cross‐flow installation with one or at most two extraction stages. The results obtained enable the proposal of a more rational scheme of hops extraction, where a one or two stages cross‐flow process with separation of a part of the solid phase results in a final granulated product, a mixture of the extract and partly extracted raw material.