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Counselor Ethnicity, Counselor Nonverbal Behavior, and Session Outcome With Asian American Clients: Initial Findings
Author(s) -
Kim Bryan S. K.,
Liang Christopher T. H.,
Li Lisa C.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of counseling and development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.805
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1556-6676
pISSN - 0748-9633
DOI - 10.1002/j.1556-6678.2003.tb00243.x
Subject(s) - session (web analytics) , nonverbal communication , psychology , arousal , ethnic group , asian americans , clinical psychology , african american , developmental psychology , social psychology , ethnology , sociology , world wide web , computer science , anthropology , history
Five Asian American and 5 European American female counselors each saw 3 Asian American volunteer clients for 1 session of career‐focused individual counseling. Examination of counselor nonverbal behaviors revealed that European American counselors displayed significantly greater frequency of adaptors, postural shifts, and smiles than did Asian American counselors. The frequency of smiles was significantly positively correlated with client‐rated session positivity and session arousal, and the frequency of postural shifts was significantly positively correlated with client‐rated session arousal. Limitations and implications of the findings are described.