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Stable Isotopes: Origins and Safety
Author(s) -
Klein Peter D.,
Klein E. Roseland
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
the journal of clinical pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.92
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1552-4604
pISSN - 0091-2700
DOI - 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb03544.x
Subject(s) - isotope , deuterium , stable isotope ratio , radiochemistry , kinetic isotope effect , tracer , isotopes of nitrogen , chemistry , environmental chemistry , nuclear physics , physics
Fundamental studies of the atomic elements in the first quarter of the 20th century resulted in the recognition of the isotopes of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and finally hydrogen. The unique character of a hydrogen isotope led quickly to its enrichment, to the investigation of its biologic effects, and ultimately to its use as a tracer in biologic transformations. As a tracer, deuterium provided a totally new appreciation of the living organism: as one in constant flux. Together with 15 N, 13 C, and 18 O, the foundation of modern biochemistry was laid. The milestones in stable isotope history, their architects and their impact on the research of that time are reviewed.