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Phenobarbital Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability in Adults
Author(s) -
NELSON ERIC,
POWELL J. ROBERT,
CONRAD KENNETH,
LIKES KEITH,
BYERS JAMES,
BAKER SANDRA,
PERRIER DONALD
Publication year - 1982
Publication title -
the journal of clinical pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.92
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1552-4604
pISSN - 0091-2700
DOI - 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02662.x
Subject(s) - phenobarbital , pharmacokinetics , bioavailability , volume of distribution , liter , half life , distribution (mathematics) , pharmacology , oral administration , chemistry , medicine , mathematical analysis , mathematics
The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of phenobarbital were examined in six healthy adult subjects after a 2.6 mg/kg intravenous and a 2.9 mg/kg oral dose. Serum concentrations of phenobarbital were followed by means of a high pressure liquid chromatographic assay for 21 days after drug administration. After the intravenous dose, the mean distribution half‐life was 0.18 hour and the mean elimination half‐life was 5.8 days. Mean total body clearance and mean renal clearance were 3.0 ml/hr/kg and 0.8 ml/hr/kg, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution was 0.60 liter/kg. After administration of phenobarbital tablets, the maximum phenobarbital serum concentration was 5.5 mg/liter at 2.3 hours after the dose. Adjusted absolute availability of phenobarbital from the tablets studied was 94.9 per cent (range 81–111.9 per cent). The elimination half‐life averaged 5.1 days for the oral dose. There was no evidence of autoinduction of phenobarbital elimination over the study period.