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Bromate reduction in simulated gastric juice
Author(s) -
Cotruvo Joseph A.,
Keith Jason D.,
Bull Richard J.,
Pacey Gilbert E.,
Gordon Gilbert
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal ‐ american water works association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.466
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1551-8833
pISSN - 0003-150X
DOI - 10.1002/j.1551-8833.2010.tb11341.x
Subject(s) - bromate , chemistry , chloramine , ferrous , hypochlorous acid , inorganic chemistry , chlorine , bromide , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Bromate decomposition kinetics with simulated stomach/gastric juice was studied to contibute to more accurate determination of the risk of environmentally relevant exposures to bromate. Any presystemic reduction in the stomach would yield lower risks. Bromate is rapidly reduced by hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S); half‐lives were 153 min at zero H 2 S and 2, 24, and 32 min at 10 −4 , 10 −5 , and 10 −6 M H 2 S, respectively. Half‐lives at 10 −4 and 10 −5 M are biologically relevant for the retention time for water in an empty stomach. Common dietary inorganic reducing agents (ferrous, iodide, and nitrite) generally enhanced bromate reduction with H 2 S. Oxidizing agents (hypochlorous acid/chlorine, chloramine, and ferric ion) usually modestly reduced decomposition rates with H 2 S. Consumption of chlorinated or chloraminated drinking water containing bromate would not materially affect the extent of presystemic bromate reduction. Current studies by the authors are quantifying bromate reduction from the greater systemic liver and blood metabolism, where rapid reactions with glutathione and other reducing agents occur.