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Implementing residuals management: Cost implications for coagulation and softening plants
Author(s) -
Roth Damon K.,
Cornwell David A.,
Russell Jerry S.,
Gross Mark,
Malmrose Paul E.,
Wancho Linda
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal ‐ american water works association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.466
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1551-8833
pISSN - 0003-150X
DOI - 10.1002/j.1551-8833.2008.tb09583.x
Subject(s) - environmental science , cost estimate , capital cost , cost accounting , work (physics) , risk analysis (engineering) , business , engineering , accounting , electrical engineering , systems engineering , mechanical engineering
The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) was charged with determining whether minimum federal Clean Water Act requirements should be established for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits on the discharge of residuals produced at water treatment plants. A key factor in USEPA's evaluation was the cost of residuals management at facilities where such treatment does not currently exist or where significant treatment changes would be required to meet such a technology‐based management requirement. AWWA initiated this project to provide independent cost information to aid in the USEPA cost‐benefit analysis. Cost estimates were developed for implementing residuals management at existing coagulation and lime‐softening plants of various sizes and solids production rates. In addition to capital costs, annual costs associated with residuals management were estimated and used to calculate the 20‐year current worth for residuals management. The work also provides guidance on focus areas where costs can be reduced.