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Retrofit Realities
Author(s) -
Deoreo William B.,
Dietemann Allan,
Skeel Tim,
Mayer Peter W.,
Lewis David M.,
Smith Jenna
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal ‐ american water works association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.466
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1551-8833
pISSN - 0003-150X
DOI - 10.1002/j.1551-8833.2001.tb09153.x
Subject(s) - retrofitting , clothing , water conservation , architectural engineering , water repellent , engineering , environmental science , civil engineering , geography , water resources , ecology , structural engineering , archaeology , biology , materials science , composite material
This paper discusses the Seattle Home Water Conservation Study (SHWCS) and compares it with the American Water Works Association Research Foundation's Residential End Uses of Water Study (REUWS). SHWCS is the first such study using samples taken from the original REUWS group. It provides important information on water‐conserving fixtures and appliances through a before‐and‐after paired comparison of water use patterns. Precise data were obtained on reductions in per capita cold and hot water use that were achieved by retrofitting plumbing fixtures and appliances with new, high‐efficiency devices. The most effective fixtures evaluated in the study, based on measured savings, were toilets, clothes washers, and faucet aerators. All told, the retrofit in Seattle reduced water use from around 70 gpcd to 40 gpcd or less by using new high‐efficiency fixtures and appliances.