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Committee Report: Disinfection at large and medium‐size systems
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
journal ‐ american water works association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.466
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1551-8833
pISSN - 0003-150X
DOI - 10.1002/j.1551-8833.2000.tb08942.x
Subject(s) - chloramine , water disinfection , chlorine , interim , chlorine dioxide , ozone , water treatment , environmental science , waste management , environmental engineering , engineering , chemistry , political science , law , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry
Most of the systems surveyed reported plans for process changes to address new regulations, treatment optimization, increased capacity, equipment upgrades, and safety. As a followup to its surveys of 1979 and 1989, the Disinfection Systems Committee conducted a survey in 1998 of disinfection practices at large and medium (i.e., those serving 10,000 or more people) systems using both surface water and groundwater supplies. Chlorine, either as gas or hypochlorite, remained the predominant choice for primary disinfection. Moderate increases were seen in the use of alternative forms of chlorine such as chloramines, chlorine dioxide, and ozone. Based on the results of this survey, large and medium systems appear well‐prepared to meet the new Stage 1 disinfection by‐product requirements, and many appear to be capable of meeting the proposed Stage 2 requirements if they are implemented in their current form. These systems also appear to be meeting existing Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) and pending Interim Enhanced SWTR turbidity and disinfection C X T requirements. But, based on data submitted by only about half of the respondents, almost 10 percent may have to further enhance treatment to meet Stage 1 total organic carbon removal requirements.