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Optimizing treatment through Fe and Mn fractionation
Author(s) -
Carlson Kenneth H.,
Knocke William R.,
Gertig Kevin R.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal ‐ american water works association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.466
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1551-8833
pISSN - 0003-150X
DOI - 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1997.tb08216.x
Subject(s) - fractionation , potassium permanganate , manganese , permanganate , chlorine , chemistry , filtration (mathematics) , water treatment , groundwater , biogeochemical cycle , particulates , oxide , environmental chemistry , inorganic chemistry , environmental science , chromatography , environmental engineering , geology , organic chemistry , statistics , mathematics , geotechnical engineering
Application of Fe and Mn fractionation procedures helps improve finished water at three treatment facilities. A series of filtration steps was used to separate iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) into soluble, colloidal, and particulate fractions. Two case studies demonstrate how fractionation data can improve understanding of the origins and removal of Fe and Mn. The Mn species present in one water source were shown to be regulated by a biogeochemical cycle in which the natural oxidation and reduction of Mn appeared to be microbially mediated. Mn removal was improved by adjusting the application of potassium permanganate to account for this cycle. A groundwater treatment plant was suffering from high postfilter Fe and Mn concentrations. Fractionation data identified the problem as inadequate solids capture, not oxidant dosage, allowing a quick solution. The unexpected oxidation of Mn with chlorine (Cl 2 ) was attributed to Fe oxide surface catalysis. Without adequate particle removal (no coagulant added), applying Cl 2 on top of the filters exhibited superior removal to adding Cl 2 before a detention basin.