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Determining Health Risks Associated With Disinfectants and Disinfection By‐products: Research Needs
Author(s) -
Glaze William H.,
Andelman Julian B.,
Bull Richard J.,
Conolly Rory B.,
Hertz Charles D.,
Hood Ronald D.,
Pegram Rex A.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
journal ‐ american water works association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.466
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1551-8833
pISSN - 0003-150X
DOI - 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1993.tb05955.x
Subject(s) - chloramination , water disinfection , disinfectant , biocide , environmental science , business , chlorine , chloramine , environmental engineering , chemistry , organic chemistry
In order to minimize the levels of potentially toxic disinfectants and disinfection by‐products in treated water while maintaining adequate protection against microbiological contamination, the total risks associated with disinfection have to be measured and compared with the risks from microbial agents. Because much work has already been carried out on chlorination and its by‐products, it is recommended that research focus on major disinfection alternatives, i.e., ozonation, chloramination, carbon dioxidation, and the most practical combinations of these options. The primary research needs are (1) assessment of the relative toxicological hazards of the disinfectants and their by‐products and (2) development of biologically based models for the dose–response relationships of these chemicals.