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Incorporating Biologically Based Models Into Assessments of Risk From Chemical Contaminants
Author(s) -
Bull Richard J.,
Conolly Rory B.,
De Marini David M.,
MacPhail Robert C.,
Ohanian Edward V.,
Swenberg James A.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
journal ‐ american water works association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.466
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1551-8833
pISSN - 0003-150X
DOI - 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1993.tb05954.x
Subject(s) - risk assessment , hazard analysis , identification (biology) , hazard , contamination , environmental science , exposure assessment , risk analysis (engineering) , environmental health , computer science , biology , medicine , engineering , ecology , reliability engineering , computer security
The general approach to assessment of risk from chemical contaminants in drinking water involves three steps: hazard identification, exposure assessment, and dose–response assessment. Traditionally, the risks to humans associated with different levels of a chemical have been derived from the toxic responses observed in animals. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that further information is needed if risks to humans are to be assessed accurately. Biologically based models help clarify the dose–response relationship and reduce uncertainty.