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Evaluating Treatment Processes With the Ames Mutagenicity Assay
Author(s) -
Noot Donald K.,
Anderson William B.,
Daignault Susan A.,
Williams David T.,
Huck Peter M.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
journal ‐ american water works association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.466
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1551-8833
pISSN - 0003-150X
DOI - 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1989.tb03275.x
Subject(s) - chloramine , ozone , ames test , chemistry , chlorine dioxide , chlorine , salmonella , environmental chemistry , water treatment , environmental science , environmental engineering , organic chemistry , bacteria , biology , genetics
This article reviews the use of the Ames Salmonella assay for assessing the mutagenicity of water produced by various treatment processes. Although chlorination is the most common means of disinfection in North America, chloramines, chlorine dioxide, and ozone have been shown to produce water that is less mutagenically active. Granular activated carbon (GAC) removes mutagens preferentially compared with parameters such as total organic carbon. In the absence of GAC, postchlorination typically increases mutagenicity. Inconsistent interstudy results with respect to the effects of ozone and metabolic activation (S9) and the capacity of GAC point to the role of raw water characteristics in the determination of treated water mutagenicity. In the case of ozone, dosage and contact time may also be important.