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Effects of Chlorine and Ammonia Application Points on Bactericidal Efficiency
Author(s) -
Means Edward G.,
Tanaka Theodore S.,
Otsuka Dennis J.,
McGuire Michael J.
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
journal ‐ american water works association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.466
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1551-8833
pISSN - 0003-150X
DOI - 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb05680.x
Subject(s) - chlorine , chloramine , effluent , ammonia , chemistry , disinfectant , environmental chemistry , pulp and paper industry , bacteria , environmental science , environmental engineering , organic chemistry , engineering , biology , genetics
The bactericidal efficiencies of chloramines produced by (1) concurrent addition of chlorine and ammonia to the influent water, (2) prechlorination followed by addition of ammonia, and (3) preammoniation were compared with that of free residual chlorine during pilot testing. Coliform bacteria were found to be a poor indicator of the relative ability of the application schemes to disinfect water. Concurrent chlorine and ammonia application, prechlorination followed by addition of ammonia, and free residual chlorination generally produced low total bacteria counts in the pilot‐plant effluent. Preammoniation resulted in the highest frequency of elevated total bacteria counts (1 colony‐forming unit/mL) in the plant effluent.