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Hydraulic Models Shed Light on Water Age
Author(s) -
Cruickshank Jeffrey R.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
opflow
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1551-8701
pISSN - 0149-8029
DOI - 10.1002/j.1551-8701.2010.tb03024.x
Subject(s) - water quality , environmental science , sampling (signal processing) , population , stage (stratigraphy) , environmental engineering , water disinfection , water resource management , engineering , environmental health , ecology , telecommunications , geology , medicine , paleontology , detector , biology
This article discusses water quality in terms of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) related to distribution system water age. The Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule requires utilities to conduct initial distribution system evaluations (IDSEs) to select new DBP sampling sites. DBP compliance monitoring begins in 2012 or 2013, depending on the population served. Many utilities have chosen to conduct IDSEs using hydraulic models instead of extensive monitoring programs. This article discusses the benefits of using hydraulic modeling, along with methods for reducing water age that were originally demonstrated by case studies.