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Relationships and evolution of Hydrangeaceae based on RBC l sequence data
Author(s) -
Soltis Douglas E.,
Xiang QiuYun,
Hufford Larry
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1995.tb15671.x
Subject(s) - biology , monophyly , phylogenetic tree , clade , deserts and xeric shrublands , taxon , sister group , perforation , evolutionary biology , botany , zoology , ecology , habitat , genetics , gene , materials science , metallurgy , punching
Phylogenetic analyses of rbc L sequences were used to address both systematic and evolutionary questions posed by the angiosperm family Hydrangeaceae. Our analyses suggest the presence of a monophyletic Hydrangeaceae most closely allied with Loasaceae, a finding in agreement with other molecular as well as morphological analyses. Molecular data indicate that Hydrangeaceae comprise Decumaria, Pileostegia, Schizophragma, Hydrangea, Dichroa, Broussaisia, Platycrater, Cardiandra, Deinanthe, Carpenteria, Philadelphus, Deutzia, Fendlerella, Whipplea, Fendlera, Jamesia , and the enigmatic Kirengeshoma. A particularly close relationship of Kirengeshoma and Deutzia is indicated. Analysis of rbc L sequences suggests that Fendlera and Jamesia are sister to the remainder of the family, lending support to the hypothesis that at least some Carpenterieae are basal in the family and that Hydrangeaceae may have originated in xeric habitats. If this phylogenetic placement of Jamesia and Fendlera is correct, the rbc L trees also suggest that the level of epigyny has decreased in these genera, as well as in the Fendlerella‐ Whipplea clade and Carpenteria when compared to the outgroup taxa, which are wholly epigynous. Furthermore, the rbc L trees support proposed evolutionary trends in wood anatomy, suggesting, for example, that upland tropical taxa have evolved longer vessel elements with more numerous bars on scalariform perforation plates. The xerophytic basal members of Hydrangeaceae, like the closely related Loasaceae, have short, narrow vessel elements with scalariform perforation plates bearing few bars. Following Jamesia and Fendlera , the remaining hydrangeoids are divided into two large subclades that closely parallel the traditional division of the family into Philadelpheae and Hydrangeae. Both rbc L sequences and morphological data suggest close relationships between: 1) Fendlerella and Whipplea ; 2) Decumaria, Pileostegia , and Schizophragma ; 3) Carpenteria and Philadelphus ; 4) Deinanthe and Cardiandra ; 5) Dichroa, Broussaisia , and Hydrangea macrophylla. Molecular and morphological data also concur in demonstrating that the large genus Hydrangea is not a monophyletic assemblage.