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DEVELOPMENTAL AND GENETIC SOURCES OF SEED WEIGHT VARIATION IN RAPHANUS RAPHANISTRUM L. (BRASSICACEAE)
Author(s) -
Stanton Maureen L.
Publication year - 1984
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1984.tb11961.x
Subject(s) - biology , brassicaceae , pedicel , botany , raphanus , germination , population , maternal effect , competition (biology) , agronomy , horticulture , offspring , ecology , genetics , pregnancy , demography , sociology
Seed weight is known to have a marked impact on emergence and post‐emergence productivity in wild radish ( Raphanus raphanistrum ). In this paper, I describe several levels of seed weight variation in plants taken from a natural population in Hamden, Connecticut. Six maternal plants from the 1981 season were analyzed in detail: the weights and positions of all seeds within a fruit were recorded, and some of these seeds were used the following summer for competition studies and progeny analysis. Within a plant, average seed weight decreased as the number of seeds within a fruit increased, suggesting that developing embryos compete for maternal resources. Seed weight also varied significantly among the six maternal plants used in the study. Comparison of the average weights of seeds produced by offspring of those six plants with the average weights of seeds borne by the maternal plant revealed a significant genetic component to seed weight variation. Seed weight varied up to six‐fold within single fruits of R. raphanistrum; large seeds tend to occur near the pedicel or in the middle positions. Seed size variation seen within single fruits is of sufficient magnitude to result in differential reproductive output among closely related seeds under competitive field conditions.