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MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION OF PROBOSCIDEA PARVIFLORA SSP. PARVIFLORA (MARTYNIACEAE) UNDER DOMESTICATION
Author(s) -
Bretting P. K.
Publication year - 1982
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1982.tb13404.x
Subject(s) - domestication , biology , subspecies , range (aeronautics) , morphometrics , botany , zoology , ecology , materials science , composite material
Aboriginal groups in the southwestern United States have grown Proboscidea parviflora ssp. parviflora for basketry fiber. It has been hypothesized that cultivated plants of this subspecies with white seeds and long‐clawed fruit (which provide the fiber) have been domesticated. Cluster, multiple discriminant, and unvariate statistical analyses presented here show that the putative domesticate is indeed morphologically distinct from “wild” plants. It has clearly been domesticated, and has diverged from wild populations to the extent that a new variety, var. Hohokamiana , is proposed for the domesticate. Wild and domesticated varieties differ especially in seed color, rostrum, crest, style, and anther lengths. Most characteristics of the wild variety seem to be genetically dominant to those of the domesticate, which may account for absence of a weedy form intermediate between the wild and domesticated varieties. The wild variety is morphologically more variable than the domesticate, probably because of its broader geographical range and its intergradation with another subspecies. Ethnological data and the variational patterns reported here suggest that the domesticate originated in southern Arizonanorthern Sonora, but probably not north of that region.