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THE CULTURE OF APICAL BUDS OF XANTHIUM AND THEIR USE AS A BIOASSAY FOR FLOWERING ACTIVITY OF ECDYSTERONE
Author(s) -
Jacobs William P.,
Suthers Hannah B.
Publication year - 1971
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1971.tb10037.x
Subject(s) - biology , bioassay , shoot , botany , xanthium , kinetin , ecdysterone , auxin , germination , photoperiodism , gibberellin , horticulture , tissue culture , ecology , biochemistry , hormone , gene , in vitro
Conditions were developed for the sterile culture of shoot tips of Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr. for use as a bioassay for flower‐controlling chemicals. By using a modified Murashige‐Skoog medium (minus the auxin but including kinetin) and light intensity much higher than usual for plant tissue cultures, fast growth and development of the shoot tips was achieved. Under short‐day conditions (8 hr day: 16 hr night), the cultures from vegetative shoots flowered and fruited; under noninductive conditions (using a 2 hr light‐break in the middle of the dark period), the shoot tips continued vegetative development. Both intact plants and cultured tips could be photoinduced in the first days after germination. Ecdysterone, a potent insect moulting hormone, was tested in the bioassay system. It was without either qualitative or quantitative effect on flowering or vegetative development on either cultured shoot tips or intact plants irrespective of whether they were under inductive or noninductive photoperiodic conditions.