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GENOME RELATIONS AMONG DIPLOID ELYMUS JUNCEUS AND CERTAIN TETRAPLOID AND OCTOPLOID ELYMUS SPECIES
Author(s) -
Dewey Douglas R.
Publication year - 1970
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1970.tb09860.x
Subject(s) - biology , elymus , genome , hybrid , ploidy , meiosis , triticeae , chromosome , genetics , botany , poaceae , gene
Synthetic triploid hybrids of Elymus junceus Fisch. (2 n = 14) × E. innovatus Beal (2 n = 28) averaged 7.05 I , 6.73 II , and 0.16 III in 92 metaphase‐I cells. The hybrids were totally sterile. Elymus innovatus apparently contains a genome closely homologous with the E. junceus genome. Natural tetraploid hybrids of E. innovatus × E. dasystachys Trin., E. dasystachys × E. triticoides Buckl., and E. triticoides × E. cinereus Scribn. & Merr. generally formed 14 bivalents at metaphase I; and subsequent meiotic stages were correspondingly regular. Nevertheless, none of the hybrids set seed. The four tetraploid species may be represented by the basic genome formula JJXX, where J is an E. junceus‐like genome; and X is a genome of undetermined origin. The E. junceus genome likely exists in other long‐anthered cross‐pollinating Elymus species. Genome relations were difficult to interpret in a natural 42‐chromosome hybrid of E. dasystachys × octoploid E. cinereus , which averaged 8.51 I , 13.82 II , 1.85 III , and 0.08 IV in 39 metaphase‐I cells. Although octoploid E. cinereus likely arose from the tetraploid form, the genomes of the octoploid have become somewhat restructured.