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FLORAL PIGMENTATION STUDIES IN THE GENUS GOSSYPIUM. I. SPECIES SPECIFIC PIGMENTATION PATTERNS
Author(s) -
Parks Clifford R.
Publication year - 1965
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1965.tb06791.x
Subject(s) - biology , glycoside , botany , rutin , bract , anthocyanin , quercetin , petal , biochemistry , inflorescence , antioxidant
Previous work on cotton flower pigments is outlined. The major flavonoids are glycosides of gossypetin, quercetin, and kampferol. Twelve flavonol glycosides have been tentatively isolated and identified, while a number of minor components remain unidentified. The gossypetin glycosides are gossypin, gossypitrin and a C 7 ‐linked glycoside of unknown sugar residue. The quercetin glycosides include isoquercitrin, rutin, a third C 3 ‐linked glycoside with unknown sugar residue, quercimeritrin and a second C 7 ‐linked glycoside with sugar residue unknown. The kampferol glycosides include trifolin, kampferol rutinoside and 2 other C 3 ‐linked glycosides with unknown sugar residues. The major anthocyanin throughout the genus is cyanidin. Mutants which affect visible flower color were studied in 3 species ( G. arboreum, G. hirsutum, and G. barbadense ). The majority of these mutants act to decrease or prevent the synthesis of gossypetin glycosides. The only exceptions to this are the mutants at the Y a locus in G. arboreum, which affect all of the C 7 ‐linked glycosides in one case, and in the other reduce over‐all flavonol production. In all instances, the species could be positively identified by the residual array of pigments not affected by the mutant alleles concerned; i.e., visual similarity of phenotypes did not obscure the basic pattern of pigmentation characteristic of the different species.