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THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE LAMELLAE IN COPRINUS MICACEUS
Author(s) -
Levine Michael
Publication year - 1914
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1914.tb09374.x
Subject(s) - citation , coprinus , biology , library science , art history , history , computer science , botany
The question as to the origin and method of developmentof the gills in the hymenomycetes still remains unsettled. Certain stages are well known and have been many times described and figured and certain general conclusions are widely accepted. For example, that in many forms the gills arise endogenously and that the relative positions of the stipe, pileus and hymenium are the same in the undifferentiated button as in the adult. On the other hand, the question as to the method of origin of the gill cavity, the direction of growth of the gill rudiments and their relation to the stipe and pileus, the differentiation of trama and hymenium, etc., have never been clearly and adequately described. The older literature has been reviewed by Atkinson (I906) and others, and I will note only such points as bear especially on my own observations on Coprinus micaceus. Schmitz (I842) describes the gill cavity in Agaricus Bulliardi as an annular cavity separating pileus and stipe. The layer of hyphae connecting the outer margin of the pileus and stipe he called the veil or cortina. It is not clear what he means by veil as compared with the peripheral layer found in Coprinus micaceus. Schmitz proposed a theory of development for all pileate species of fungi according to which the organ nearest the substratum in the mature form is the structure first to arise, thus the mycelium precedes the stipe and the stipe the pileus while the hymenophore is formed last. Hoffmann's (I856) description of the development of the carpophore lies at the basis of many of the current accounts of the method of formation of the pileus and hymenium. He describes the young buttons of Agaricus campestris as small spheres which elongate owing to the growth of the interior cells perpendicularly upward. The terminal cells now grow out laterally and then turn abruptly downward. The ends of these hyphae form the lamellae primordia. In a later paper (i86o) he described sixteen further species of Agaricaceae and still later (i86i) he described the development of Coprinus fimetarius. Hoffmann