Premium
Human herpes virus‐6 increases HIV‐1 expression in co‐infected T cells via nuclear factors binding to the HIV‐1 enhancer.
Author(s) -
Ensoli B.,
Lusso P.,
Schachter F.,
Josephs S.F.,
Rappaport J.,
Negro F.,
Gallo R.C.,
WongStaal F.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
the embo journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 7.484
H-Index - 392
eISSN - 1460-2075
pISSN - 0261-4189
DOI - 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08452.x
Subject(s) - cancer , biology , library science , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , computer science
Human Herpes virus‐6 (HHV‐6) can co‐infect with HIV‐1 human CD4+ T‐cells, leading to accelerated cell death, and factors in HHV‐6‐infected cells stimulate HIV‐1 LTR directed gene expression. In this study, we have examined the mechanism of HIV‐1 activation by HHV‐6 and localized the cis‐acting sequences of HIV‐1 LTR responsive to trans‐activation. Increased HIV‐1 LTR directed gene expression is obtained in HIV‐1 infected cells co‐infected with HHV‐6, or in HHV‐6 infected cells co‐transfected with the HIV‐1 tat gene. Parallel increases of HIV‐1‐specific transcripts are seen by in situ hybridization in HHV‐6/HIV‐1 doubly infected cells as compared to single HIV‐1 infection. Similarly, infection by HHV‐6 increases the steady‐state level of HIV‐1 LTR mRNA that parallels CAT enzymatic activity, suggesting a transcriptional and/or post‐transcriptional activation. Sequences necessary for HIV‐1 LTR activation by HHV‐6 are distinct from those required for that tat response and map to a region of the HIV‐1 LTR from ‐103 to ‐48. The HIV‐1 enhancer sequence (‐105 to ‐80) is sufficient to confer HHV‐6 inducibility to a heterologous promoter, and nuclear protein(s) activated or induced by HHV‐6 infection specifically bind to the NF kappa B motifs of the HIV‐1 enhancer region.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)