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Some Bag Experiments on Tibbs Run Lake, W.V., A Eutrophic Acidified Lake
Author(s) -
Yates Carl,
Decosta John
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
internationale revue der gesamten hydrobiologie und hydrographie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 52
eISSN - 1522-2632
pISSN - 0020-9309
DOI - 10.1002/iroh.19940790312
Subject(s) - eutrophication , precipitation , phosphorus , zoology , acid neutralizing capacity , hydrology (agriculture) , chlorophyll a , chemistry , environmental chemistry , environmental science , nutrient , soil water , biology , soil science , geology , meteorology , biochemistry , physics , geotechnical engineering , organic chemistry , acid deposition
Tibbs Run Lake was sampled from December 1979 to December 1980, monthly during the winter and biweekly during the spring, summer, and autumn. Primary production was measured from March 1980 to February 1981, either monthly or biweekly, as indicated above. The mean annual hydrogen ion concentration was equivalent to pH 4.33. This pH was 46% lower (based on H + concentrations) than the 1977–1978 mean. The low pH of the lake is due to inputs of acid precipitation and the low buffering capacity of the watershed. Predictions of further reductions in the lake pH, based on mean annual hydrogen ion concentrations and hydrogen ion retention coefficients (RH) from Shellito (1979) and this study, indicate that the lake pH should reach an equilibrium with the precipitation pH between 1982 and 1985, assuming the precipitation pH continues to average 4.10. The stratified period mean chlorophyll a and total phosphorus concentrations were 22.1 mg/m 3 and 19.3 μg/1, respectively. Total phosphorus loading to the lake was 0.233 gP/m 2 /yr. To examine the effects of neutralization and fertilization with phosphorus an in situ bag enclosure experiment, lasting 16 days, was performed during the summer of 1980. In the bags, phosphorus (20 μg/1 on days 0,4,8,12 as KH 2 PO 4 ) was added alone and in combination with a base addition (IN KOH). The base additions raised the pH to approximately 7.8. Other treatments included base addition alone and a control. The maximum chlorophyll a concentration was found in the phosphorus treatment (∼30 mg/m 3 ) on day 6. The phosphorus plus base treatment exhibited a 10 day lag before reaching a maximum chlorophyll a concentration (∼27 mg/m 3 ) on day 16. The highest production rate was found in the phosphorus plus base treatment on day 12 (∼27 mgC/m 3 /hr.). A similar bag experiment, lasting 46 days, was performed during the late summer and early autumn of 1980. The treatments were the same as in the first experiment, however, the nitrate‐nitrogen depletion in the lake and treatments necessitated the addition of nitrogen (2 mg/1 as NaNO 3 ) to one of each replicate treatment on day 5. On day 34, the maximum chlorophyll a concentrations were found in the phosphorus plus base nitrogen treatment (∼120 mg/m 3 ) and the phosphorus plus nitrogen treatment (∼38.8 mg/m 3 ). The control plus nitrogen treatment was submerged and possibly contaminated on day 5. All treatments not receiving nitrogen, except for the phosphorus plus base treatment, decreased in the chlorophyll a concentration throughout the experiment. The phosphorus plus base treatment peaked in the chlorophyll a concentration on day 45 (∼28 mg/m 3 ) despite non‐detectable levels of nitrate‐nitrogen. The maximum primary production rate was found in the phosphorus plus base plus nitrogen treatment (∼32 mgC/m 3 /hr.) on day 11.