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Time Compatibility of Water Chemical Lake Variables
Author(s) -
Håkanson Lars
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
internationale revue der gesamten hydrobiologie und hydrographie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 52
eISSN - 1522-2632
pISSN - 0020-9309
DOI - 10.1002/iroh.19940790205
Subject(s) - alkalinity , limnology , environmental science , standard deviation , compatibility (geochemistry) , hydrology (agriculture) , lake ecosystem , physical geography , ecosystem , ecology , statistics , geography , mathematics , geology , biology , chemistry , geotechnical engineering , organic chemistry , geochemistry
Abstract This paper summarizes results from extensive field work in 95 Swedish lakes. The focus is on methodological aspects of importance when establishing the time compatibility of traditional water variables (monthly data on pH, Secchi depth, temperature, alkalinity, total‐P, conductivity, Fe, Ca, hardness and colour from 4 years, 1986 to 1989). From most textbooks in limnology, it is evident that there exist patterns, in terms of how the concentrations and the variability of the concentrations of these standard variables vary in lakes. Then it would be interesting to see if there exists patterns also for the time compatibility between different lake variables and different variants of the same variable, i.e., mean values from different periods. This issue is discussed in a systematic way in this paper with statistical methods. These results are of importance in ecosystem analyses, monitoring and modelling. These parameters generally vary in a lake, both temporally and areally, the focus here is on such variations and how to express lake‐typical, time compatible values for longer periods of time. Selected results: High correlations (r 2 ‐values) exist between (1) mean annual pH and all the variants of alkalinity and lake colour for different periods of time. (2) between mean (3 year) total‐P and most of the variants of total‐P, especially those from the winter period (months 10 to 12; r 2 ≈ 0.95), but not for the variants from the spring and the summer periods, when the variability is great for total‐P, (3) between mean (3 year) lake colour and most of the variants of Fe and pH, especially those from the first half of the year for pH and those from the second half of the year for Fe. Quite high r 2 ‐values, about 0.5, exist between colour and different variants from the winter period for total‐P and Secchi depth.