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Pregnant women infected by the Zika virus: Ultrasound findings and growth patterns of fetuses with and without microcephaly
Author(s) -
Honorato Emanuelle M.,
Holanda Simone C.,
Mattos Alice G. L.,
Souza Gustavo F. A.,
Souza Alex S. R.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of gynecology and obstetrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.895
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1879-3479
pISSN - 0020-7292
DOI - 10.1002/ijgo.13578
Subject(s) - microcephaly , zika virus , medicine , gestational age , pregnancy , fetus , obstetrics , fetal head , pediatrics , biology , immunology , virus , genetics
Objective To compare ultrasound growth measurements of fetuses with and without microcephaly in suspected Zika virus infection. Methods A retrospective cohort study included pregnant women with suspected Zika virus infection to evaluate 110 fetuses with and without microcephaly. The women had been admitted to the fetal medicine unit between October 2015 and August 2016. Cases of fetal microcephaly resulting from other causes were excluded. Variables evaluated were the ultrasound measurements taken at fetal biometry. The relation between each fetal biometry measurement and gestational age was analyzed using fractional polynomials in random‐effects regression models. To evaluate fetal growth, curves of the mean fetal biometric parameters were constructed as a function of gestational age. Results Mean biparietal diameter and mean head circumference increased in both groups as a function of gestational age. In the group with fetal microcephaly, mean head circumference was significantly larger in the 13th and 14th weeks of pregnancy, becoming smaller compared with the group without microcephaly from the 20th week onwards, with the difference increasing with gestational age. Conclusion Fetal head circumference continues to increase until birth, even after a diagnosis of microcephaly, with a reduction only in the pace of growth. Growth decelerates as the pregnancy approaches term.