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A Physical‐Inorganic Approach for the Elucidation of Active Iron Species and Mechanism in Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling
Author(s) -
Carpenter Stephanie H.,
Neidig Michael L.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
israel journal of chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.908
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1869-5868
pISSN - 0021-2148
DOI - 10.1002/ijch.201700036
Subject(s) - catalysis , coupling reaction , chemistry , mechanism (biology) , paramagnetism , reaction mechanism , electron paramagnetic resonance , chemical physics , coupling (piping) , combinatorial chemistry , computational chemistry , nanotechnology , materials science , organic chemistry , physics , nuclear magnetic resonance , metallurgy , quantum mechanics
Detailed studies of iron speciation and mechanism in iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions are critical for providing the necessary fundamental insight to drive new reaction development. However, such insight is challenging to obtain due to the prevalence of mixtures of unstable, paramagnetic organoiron species that can form in this chemistry. A physical‐inorganic research approach combining freeze‐trapped inorganic spectroscopic studies, organometallic synthesis and GC/kinetic studies provides a powerful method for studying such systems. Mössbauer, EPR and MCD spectroscopy enable the direct investigation of in situ formed iron species and, combined with GC analysis, the direct correlation of reactions of specific iron species to the generation of organic products. This review focuses on a description of the key methods involved in this physical‐inorganic approach, as well as examples of its application to investigations of iron‐SciOPP catalyzed cross‐coupling catalysis.