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The Amyloid‐β Peptide in Amyloid Formation Processes: Interactions with Blood Proteins and Naturally Occurring Metal Ions
Author(s) -
Wallin Cecilia,
Luo Jinghui,
Jarvet Jüri,
Wärmländer Sebastian K. T. S.,
Gräslund Astrid
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
israel journal of chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.908
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1869-5868
pISSN - 0021-2148
DOI - 10.1002/ijch.201600105
Subject(s) - chemistry , senile plaques , peptide , amyloid (mycology) , metal ions in aqueous solution , amyloid beta , oxidative stress , biophysics , biochemistry , alzheimer's disease , neuroscience , metal , disease , medicine , psychology , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , biology
This review describes interactions between the amyloid‐β peptide (Aβ) involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and endogenous metal ions and proteins, with an emphasis on future potential drug therapies and targets. AD is characterised by loss of neurons, memory, and cognitive functions, and by formation of cerebral senile plaque deposits. These plaques consist mainly of aggregated Aβ peptides. AD pathology includes a) on the molecular level imbalanced concentrations of Aβ peptides and metal ions, and formation of amyloid structures, and b) on the physiological level a combination of inflammatory responses and oxidative stress effects causing neuronal death. Interestingly, certain blood proteins and metal ions can affect the Aβ amyloid aggregation process. These interactions are the topics of the present review. A deeper understanding of these interactions could facilitate new therapeutic strategies against AD. Previous therapeutic approaches and trials are also briefly described.