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Isolation of Marine Paracoccus sp. Ss63 from the Sponge Sarcotragus sp. and Characterization of its Quorum‐Sensing Chemical‐Signaling Molecules by LC‐MS/MS Analysis
Author(s) -
Saurav Kumar,
Burgsdorf Ilia,
Teta Roberta,
Esposito Germana,
BarShalom Rinat,
Costantino Valeria,
Steindler Laura
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
israel journal of chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.908
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1869-5868
pISSN - 0021-2148
DOI - 10.1002/ijch.201600003
Subject(s) - quorum sensing , chemistry , paracoccus denitrificans , bacteria , biochemistry , stereochemistry , virulence , biology , gene , enzyme , genetics
Gram‐negative bacteria often use N ‐acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) as quorum‐sensing (QS) signal molecules. The present study aimed to identify and characterize the production of AHLs by Paracoccus sp. Ss63, which was isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Sarcotragus sp. High performance liquid chromatography – high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS/MS) provided evidence for the production, by Paracoccus sp. Ss63, of twelve saturated long‐chain AHLs (3‐OH‐C10‐HSL, 3‐OH‐C12‐HSL, C10‐HSL, 3‐OH‐C14‐HSL, C12‐HSL, 3‐O‐C16‐HSL, 3‐OH‐C16‐HSL, C14‐HSL, 3‐OH‐C18‐HSL, C16‐HSL, 3‐O‐C18‐HSL, and C18‐HSL), along with four putative unsaturated long‐chain AHLs (C10 : 1‐HSL, 3‐OH‐C18 : 1‐HSL, C16 : 1‐HSL, and C18 : 1‐HSL). The distribution of Paracoccus sp. Ss63 in different sponge species, as well as in seawater and marine sediment samples, suggests a mixed lifestyle for this bacterium, i.e., free‐living and host‐associated. The high pH of seawater is likely to inactivate the AHL signal molecules, and limit the possibility of AHLs to accumulate to the concentration required for QS‐based gene regulation. We hypothesize that Paracoccus sp. Ss63 utilizes quorum sensing to sense and respond to the different environments it experiences, with an active QS only when found inside enclosed niches (host‐associated and at lower pH).