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Catalytic Activity and Performance of Copper‐Based Complexes Mediating Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Author(s) -
Tsarevsky Nicolay V.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
israel journal of chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.908
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1869-5868
pISSN - 0021-2148
DOI - 10.1002/ijch.201100158
Subject(s) - chemistry , homolysis , photochemistry , atom transfer radical polymerization , halogen , catalysis , electron transfer , redox , halide , oxidation state , polymerization , dissociation (chemistry) , polymer chemistry , metal , ligand (biochemistry) , polymer , inorganic chemistry , radical , organic chemistry , biochemistry , alkyl , receptor
The factors affecting the performance of the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) catalyst, i.e., its activity, ability to control the polymerization, and its propensity to participate in side complexation or redox reactions are summarized in this brief review. The effect of the ligand, transferable halogen atom, and the reaction solvent can be understood and quantified by formally splitting the overall atom transfer equilibrium into contributing reactions, including the homolysis of a carbonhalogen bond, reduction of the halogen atom to a halide ion (electron affinity), oxidation of the lower oxidation state metal complex (activator), and formation of the radical deactivator via coordination of a halide anion to the higher oxidation state metal complex (halidophilicity).