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Occupational insecticide exposure and risk of n on‐Hodgkin lymphoma: A pooled c ase‐control study from the InterLymph Consortium
Author(s) -
De Roos Anneclaire J.,
Schinasi Leah H.,
Miligi Lucia,
Cerhan James R.,
Bhatti Parveen,
‘t Mannetje Andrea,
Baris Dalsu,
Benavente Yolanda,
Benke Geza,
Clavel Jacqueline,
Casabonne Delphine,
Fritschi Lin,
Hofmann Jonathan N.,
Huynh Tran,
Monnereau Alain,
Piro Sara,
Slager Susan L.,
Vajdic Claire M.,
Wang Sophia S.,
Zhang Yawei,
Bernstein Leslie,
Cocco Pierluigi
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.33740
Subject(s) - odds ratio , medicine , environmental health , diazinon , case control study , malathion , pesticide , risk assessment , toxicology , biology , ecology , computer security , computer science
Evidence for the human health effects of pesticides is needed to inform risk assessment. We studied the relationship between occupational insecticide use and risk of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) by pooling data from nine case‐control studies participating in the InterLymph Consortium, including 7909 cases and 8644 controls from North America, the European Union and Australia. Insecticide use was coded using self‐report or expert assessment, for insecticide groups (eg, organophosphates, pyrethroids) and active ingredients (eg, malathion, permethrin). Associations with insecticides were estimated using logistic regression to produce odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all NHL and NHL subtypes, with adjustment for study site, demographic factors and use of other pesticides. Occupational insecticide use, overall, was not associated with risk of NHL. Use of organophosphate insecticides was associated with increased risk of all NHL and the subtype follicular lymphoma, and an association was found with diazinon, in particular (ever use: OR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.24‐3.37). The carbamate insecticide, carbaryl, was associated with risk of all NHL, and the strongest associations were found with T‐cell NHL for ever‐use (OR = 2.44, 95%CI: 1.13‐5.28) and longer duration (>8 years vs never: OR = 2.90, 95%CI: 1.02‐8.25). There was no association of NHL with other broad groups of insecticides, including organochlorines and pyrethroids, and some inverse associations were estimated in relation to historical DDT use. Our findings contribute to the totality of evidence available to help inform risk decisions by public health and regulatory agencies of importance given continued, widespread use of organophosphate and carbamate insecticides.