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Dietary intake and plasma phospholipid concentrations of saturated, monounsaturated and trans fatty acids and colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort
Author(s) -
Aglago Elom K.,
Murphy Neil,
Huybrechts Inge,
Nicolas Geneviève,
Casagrande Corinne,
Fedirko Veronika,
Weiderpass Elisabete,
Rothwell Joseph A.,
Dahm Christina C.,
Olsen Anja,
Tjønneland Anne,
Kaaks Rudolf,
Katzke Verena,
Schulze Matthias B.,
Masala Giovanna,
Agnoli Claudia,
Panico Salvatore,
Tumino Rosario,
Sacerdote Carlotta,
BuenodeMesquita Bas H.,
Derksen Jeroen W. G.,
Skeie Guri,
Gram Inger Torhild,
Brustad Magritt,
Jakszyn Paula,
Sánchez MariaJose,
Amiano Pilar,
Huerta José María,
Ericson Ulrika,
Wennberg Maria,
PerezCornago Aurora,
Heath Alicia K.,
Jenab Mazda,
Chajes Veronique,
Gunter Marc J.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.33615
Subject(s) - european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition , colorectal cancer , medicine , prospective cohort study , odds ratio , hazard ratio , myristic acid , gastroenterology , palmitic acid , cancer , fatty acid , quartile , stearic acid , confidence interval , saturated fatty acid , endocrinology , chemistry , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Epidemiologic studies examining the association between specific fatty acids and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk are inconclusive. We investigated the association between dietary estimates and plasma levels of individual and total saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), industrial‐processed trans (iTFA), and ruminant‐sourced trans (rTFA) fatty acids, and CRC risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Baseline fatty acid intakes were estimated in 450 112 participants (6162 developed CRC, median follow‐up = 15 years). In a nested case‐control study, plasma phospholipid fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography in 433 colon cancer cases and 433 matched controls. Multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using Cox and conditional logistic regression, respectively. Dietary total SFA (highest vs lowest quintile, HR Q5vsQ1 = 0.80; 95%CI:0.69‐0.92), myristic acid (HR Q5vsQ1 = 0.83, 95%CI:0.74‐0.93) and palmitic acid (HR Q5vsQ1 = 0.81, 95%CI:0.70‐0.93) were inversely associated with CRC risk. Plasma myristic acid was also inversely associated with colon cancer risk (highest vs lowest quartile, OR Q4vsQ1 = 0.51; 95%CI:0.32‐0.83), whereas a borderline positive association was found for plasma stearic acid (OR Q4vsQ1 = 1.63; 95%CI:1.00‐2.64). Dietary total MUFA was inversely associated with colon cancer (per 1‐SD increment, HR 1‐SD = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.85‐0.98), but not rectal cancer (HR 1‐SD = 1.04, 95%CI:0.95‐1.15, P heterogeneity = 0.027). Dietary iTFA, and particularly elaidic acid, was positively associated with rectal cancer (HR 1‐SD = 1.07, 95%CI:1.02‐1.13). Our results suggest that total and individual saturated fatty acids and fatty acids of industrial origin may be relevant to the aetiology of CRC. Both dietary and plasma myristic acid levels were inversely associated with colon cancer risk, which warrants further investigation.