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Outdoor light at night and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in the NIH‐AARP diet and health study
Author(s) -
Xiao Qian,
James Peter,
Breheny Patrick,
Jia Peng,
Park Yikyung,
Zhang Dong,
Fisher Jared A.,
Ward Mary H.,
Jones Rena R.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.33016
Subject(s) - breast cancer , medicine , hazard ratio , oncology , cancer , proportional hazards model , estrogen receptor , gynecology , incidence (geometry) , demography , confidence interval , physics , sociology , optics
Circadian disruption may play a role in breast carcinogenesis. Previous studies reported relationships between outdoor light at night (LAN) and the breast cancer risk, but their findings are mixed. There is also a need to examine LAN and breast cancer incidence according to different individual and environmental characteristics to identify subpopulations at greater risk associated with LAN exposure. We studied residential outdoor LAN estimated from satellite imagery at baseline (1996) in relation to postmenopausal breast cancer incidence over ~16 years of follow‐up in 186 981 postmenopausal women including 12 318 incident postmenopausal breast cancer cases in the NIH‐AARP Diet and Health Study. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and two‐sided 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the relationship between quintiles of LAN and postmenopausal breast cancer risk, overall and by hormone receptor status and cancer stage. We found that when compared to women in the lowest quintile of baseline LAN, those in the highest quintile had a 10% increase in postmenopausal breast cancer risk (HR (95% CI), 1.10 (1.02, 1.18), P ‐trend, .002). The association appeared to be stronger for estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer (1.12 [1.02, 1.24], .007) than for ER‐negative cancer (1.07 [0.85, 1.34], .66). Our findings also suggested that the relationship between LAN and breast cancer risk may differ by individual characteristics, such as smoking, alcohol drinking, sleep duration and BMI, and neighborhood environment. In conclusion, our study suggests that higher outdoor LAN exposure may be a risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer.