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Inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study
Author(s) -
Jakszyn Paula,
Cayssials Valerie,
Buckland Genevieve,
PerezCornago Aurora,
Weiderpass Elisabete,
Boeing Heiner,
Bergmann Manuela M.,
Vulcan Alexandra,
Ohlsson Bodil,
Masala Giovanna,
Cross Amanda J.,
Riboli Elio,
Ricceri Fulvio,
Dahm Christina C.,
Nyvang Dorthe,
Katzke Verena A.,
Kühn Tilman,
Kyrø Cecilie,
Tjønneland Anne,
Ward Heather A.,
Tsilidis Konstantinos K.,
Skeie Guri,
Sieri Sabina,
Sanchez MariaJose,
Huerta Jose M.,
Amiano Pilar,
Lasheras Cristina,
Ardanaz Eva,
MahamatSaleh Yahya,
BoutronRuault MarieChristine,
Carbonnel Franck,
Panico Salvatore,
Peppa Eleni,
Trichopoulou Antonia,
Karakatsani Anna,
Tumino Rosario,
Vermeulen Roel,
Jenab Mazda,
Gunter Marc,
Agudo Antonio
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.32870
Subject(s) - european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition , colorectal cancer , medicine , prospective cohort study , hazard ratio , cancer , proinflammatory cytokine , confidence interval , odds ratio , oncology , quartile , inflammation
Proinflammatory diets are associated with risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), however, inconsistencies exist in subsite‐ and sex‐specific associations. The relationship between CRC and combined lifestyle‐related factors that contribute toward a low‐grade inflammatory profile has not yet been explored. We examined the association between the dietary inflammatory potential and an inflammatory profile and CRC risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. This cohort included 476,160 participants followed‐up of 14 years and 5,991 incident CRC cases (3,897 colon and 2,094 rectal tumors). Dietary inflammatory potential was estimated using an Inflammatory Score of the Diet (ISD). An Inflammatory Profile Score (IPS) was constructed, incorporating the ISD, physical activity level and abdominal obesity. The associations between the ISD and CRC and IPS and CRC were assessed using multivariable regression models. More proinflammatory diets were related to a higher CRC risk, particularly for colon cancer; hazard ratio (HR) for highest versus lowest ISD quartile was 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.27) for CRC, 1.24 (95% CI 1.09–1.41) for colon cancer and 0.99 (95% CI 0.83–1.17) for rectal cancer. Associations were more pronounced in men and not significant in women. The IPS was associated with CRC risk, particularly colon cancer among men; HRs for the highest versus lowest IPS was 1.62 (95% CI 1.31–2.01) for colon cancer overall and 2.11 (95% CI 1.50–2.97) for colon cancer in men. Our study shows that more proinflammatory diets and a more inflammatory profile are associated with higher risk of CRC, principally colon cancer and in men.