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Endogenous sex hormones and colorectal cancer survival among men and women
Author(s) -
Yang Wanshui,
Giovannucci Edward L.,
Hankinson Susan E.,
Chan Andrew T.,
Ma Yanan,
Wu Kana,
Fuchs Charles S.,
Lee IMin,
Sesso Howard D.,
Lin Jennifer H.,
Zhang Xuehong
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.32844
Subject(s) - sex hormone binding globulin , hazard ratio , medicine , estrone , testosterone (patch) , proportional hazards model , colorectal cancer , hormone , endocrinology , confidence interval , physiology , cancer , androgen
Although previous studies have suggested a potential role of sex hormones in the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC), no study has yet examined the associations between circulating sex hormones and survival among CRC patients. We prospectively assessed the associations of prediagnostic plasma concentrations of estrone, estradiol, free estradiol, testosterone, free testosterone and sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) with CRC‐specific and overall mortality among 609 CRC patients (370 men and 239 postmenopausal women not taking hormone therapy at blood collection) from four U.S. cohorts. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression. We identified 174 deaths (83 CRC‐specific deaths) in men and 106 deaths (70 CRC‐specific deaths) in women. In men, higher circulating level of free testosterone was associated with lower risk of overall (the highest vs . lowest tertiles, HR = 0.66, 95% CI, 0.45–0.99, p trend = 0.04) and possibly CRC‐specific mortality (HR = 0.73, 95% CI, 0.41–1.29, p trend = 0.27). We generally observed nonsignificant inverse associations for other sex steroids, and a positive association for SHBG with CRC‐specific mortality among male patients. In women, however, we found a suggestive positive association of estrone with overall (HR = 1.54, 95% CI, 0.92–2.60, p trend = 0.11) and CRC‐specific mortality (HR = 1.96, 95% CI, 1.01–3.84, p trend = 0.06). Total estradiol, free estradiol and free testosterone were generally suggestively associated with higher risk of mortality among female patients, although not statistically significant. These findings implicated a potential role of endogenous sex hormones in CRC prognosis, which warrant further investigation.