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HIV‐1, HAART and cancer: A complex relationship
Author(s) -
Shmakova Anna,
Germini Diego,
Vassetzky Yegor
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.32730
Subject(s) - medicine , cancer , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , drug , antiretroviral therapy , antiretroviral agents , immunology , oncology , viral load , pharmacology
HIV infected people are at higher risk of developing cancer, although it is globally diminished in the era of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). Recently, antioncogenic properties of some HAART drugs were discovered. We discuss the role of HAART in the prevention and improvement of treatment outcomes of cancers in HIV‐infected people. We describe different trends in HAART–cancer relationships: cancer‐predisposing as well as cancer‐preventing. We cover the roles of particular drug regimens in cancer prevention. We also describe the causes of cancer treatment with HAART drugs in HIV‐negative people, including ongoing clinical studies that may directly point to a possible independent anti‐oncogenic activity of HAART drugs. We conclude that despite potent antioncogenic activities of every class of HAART drugs reported in preclinical models, the evidence to date indicates that their independent clinical impact in HIV‐infected people is limited. Improved cancer prevention strategies besides HAART are needed to reduce HIV‐cancer‐related mortality.