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Dietary folate intake and pancreatic cancer risk: Results from the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
Author(s) -
Park Jin Young,
BuenodeMesquita H. Bas,
Ferrari Pietro,
Weiderpass Elisabete,
Batlle Jordi,
Tjønneland Anne,
Kyro Cecilie,
Rebours Vinciane,
BoutronRuault MarieChristine,
Mancini Francesca Romana,
Katzke Verena,
Kühn Tilman,
Boeing Heiner,
Trichopoulou Antonia,
La Vecchia Carlo,
Kritikou Maria,
Masala Giovanna,
Pala Valeria,
Tumino Rosario,
Panico Salvatore,
Peeters Petra H.,
Skeie Guri,
Merino Susana,
Duell Eric J.,
RodríguezBarranco Miguel,
Dorronsoro Miren,
Chirlaque MariaDolores,
Ardanaz Eva,
Gylling Björn,
Schneede Jörn,
Ericson Ulrika,
Sternby Hanna,
Khaw KayTee,
Bradbury Kathryn E.,
Huybrechts Inge,
Aune Dagfinn,
Vineis Paolo,
Slimani Nadia
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.31830
Subject(s) - medicine , quartile , hazard ratio , confidence interval , proportional hazards model , european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition , pancreatic cancer , prospective cohort study , cancer , lower risk , physiology
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has an exceptionally low survival rate and primary prevention strategies are limited. Folate plays an important role in one‐carbon metabolism and has been associated with the risk of several cancers, but not consistently with PC risk. We aimed to investigate the association between dietary folate intake and PC risk, using the standardised folate database across 10 European countries. A total of 477,206 participants were followed up for 11 years, during which 865 incident primary PC cases were recorded. Folate intake was energy‐adjusted using the residual method. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. In multivariable analyses stratified by age, sex, study centre and adjusted for energy intake, smoking status, BMI, educational level, diabetes status, supplement use and dietary fibre intake, we found no significant association between folate intake and PC risk: the HR of PC risk for those in the highest quartile of folate intake (≥353 μg/day) compared to the lowest (<241 μg/day) was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.51, 1.31; p trend = 0.38). In current smokers, a positive trend was observed in PC risk across folate quartiles [HR = 4.42 (95% CI: 1.05, 18.62) for ≥353 μg/day vs . <241 μg/day, p trend = 0.01]. Nonetheless, there was no significant interaction between smoking and dietary folate intake ( p interaction = 0.99). We found no association between dietary folate intake and PC risk in this large European study.