Premium
Adult body size, sexual history and adolescent sexual development, may predict risk of developing prostate cancer: Results from the New South Wales Lifestyle and Evaluation of Risk Study (CLEAR)
Author(s) -
NairShalliker Visalini,
Yap Sarsha,
Nunez Carlos,
Egger Sam,
Rodger Jennifer,
Patel Manish I,
O'Connell Dianne L,
Sitas Freddy,
Armstrong Bruce K,
Smith David P
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.30471
Subject(s) - prostate cancer , medicine , risk assessment , risk factor , prostate , cancer , demography , gynecology , gerontology , sociology , computer security , computer science
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common non‐cutaneous cancer in men worldwide. The relationships between PC and possible risk factors for PC cases ( n = 1,181) and male controls ( n = 875) from the New South Wales (NSW) Cancer, Lifestyle and Evaluation of Risk Study (CLEAR) were examined in this study. The associations between PC risk and paternal history of PC, body mass index (BMI), medical conditions, sexual behaviour, balding pattern and puberty, after adjusting for age, income, region of birth, place of residence, and PSA testing, were examined. Adjusted risk of PC was higher for men with a paternal history of PC (OR = 2.31; 95%CI: 1.70–3.14), personal history of prostatitis (OR = 2.30; 95%CI: 1.44–3.70), benign prostatic hyperplasia (OR = 2.29; 95%CI: 1.79–2.93), being overweight (vs. normal; OR = 1.24; 95%CI: 0.99–1.55) or obese (vs. normal; OR = 1.44; 95%CI: 1.09–1.89), having reported more than seven sexual partners in a lifetime (vs. < 3 partners; OR = 2.00; 95%CI: 1.49–2.68), and having reported more than 5 orgasms a month prior to PC diagnosis (vs. ≤3 orgasms; OR = 1.59; 95%CI: 1.18–2.15). PC risk was lower for men whose timing of puberty was later than their peers (vs. same as peers; OR = 0.75; 95%CI: 0.59–0.97), and a smaller risk reduction of was observed in men whose timing of puberty was earlier than their peers (vs. same as peers; OR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.61–1.17). No associations were found between PC risk and vertex balding, erectile function, acne, circumcision, vasectomy, asthma or diabetes. These results support a role for adult body size, sexual activity, and adolescent sexual development in PC development.