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Total, caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee and tea intake and gastric cancer risk: Results from the EPIC cohort study
Author(s) -
Sanikini Harinakshi,
Dik Vincent K.,
Siersema Peter D.,
BhooPathy Nirmala,
Uiterwaal Cuno S.P.M.,
Peeters Petra H.M.,
González Carlos A.,
ZamoraRos Raul,
Overvad Kim,
Tjønneland Anne,
Roswall Nina,
BoutronRuault MarieChristine,
Fagherazzi Guy,
Racine Antoine,
Kühn Tilman,
Katzke Verena,
Boeing Heiner,
Trichopoulou Antonia,
Trichopoulos Dimitrios,
Lagiou Pagona,
Palli Domenico,
Grioni Sara,
Vineis Paolo,
Tumino Rosario,
Panico Salvatore,
Weiderpass Elisabete,
Skeie Guri,
Braaten Tonje,
Huerta José María,
SánchezCantalejo Emilio,
Barricarte Aurelio,
Sonestedt Emily,
Wallstrom Peter,
Nilsson Lena Maria,
Johansson Ingegerd,
Bradbury Kathryn E,
Khaw KayTee,
Wareham Nick,
Huybrechts Inge,
Freisling Heinz,
Cross Amanda J.,
Riboli Elio,
BuenodeMesquita H. Bas
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.29223
Subject(s) - medicine , quartile , hazard ratio , prospective cohort study , european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition , confidence interval , proportional hazards model , cancer , cohort study , lower risk , gastroenterology
Prospective studies examining the association between coffee and tea consumption and gastric cancer risk have shown inconsistent results. We investigated the association between coffee (total, caffeinated and decaffeinated) and tea consumption and the risk of gastric cancer by anatomical site and histological type in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Coffee and tea consumption were assessed by dietary questionnaires at baseline. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox regression models. During 11.6 years of follow up, 683 gastric adenocarcinoma cases were identified among 477,312 participants. We found no significant association between overall gastric cancer risk and consumption of total coffee (HR 1.09, 95%‐confidence intervals [CI]: 0.84–1.43; quartile 4 vs . non/quartile 1), caffeinated coffee (HR 1.14, 95%‐CI: 0.82–1.59; quartile 4 vs . non/quartile 1), decaffeinated coffee (HR 1.07, 95%‐CI: 0.75–1.53; tertile 3 vs . non/tertile 1) and tea (HR 0.81, 95%‐CI: 0.59–1.09; quartile 4 vs . non/quartile 1). When stratified by anatomical site, we observed a significant positive association between gastric cardia cancer risk and total coffee consumption per increment of 100 mL/day (HR 1.06, 95%‐CI: 1.03–1.11). Similarly, a significant positive association was observed between gastric cardia cancer risk and caffeinated coffee consumption (HR 1.98, 95%‐CI: 1.16–3.36, p ‐trend=0.06; quartile 3 vs . non/quartile 1) and per increment of 100 mL/day (HR 1.09, 95%‐CI: 1.04–1.14). In conclusion, consumption of total, caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee and tea is not associated with overall gastric cancer risk. However, total and caffeinated coffee consumption may be associated with an increased risk of gastric cardia cancer. Further prospective studies are needed to rule out chance or confounding.