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Carcinogenicity of 4‐methoxyphenol and 4‐methylcatechol in F344 rats
Author(s) -
Asakawa Emiko,
Hirose Masao,
Hagiwara Akihiro,
Takahashi Satoru,
Ito Nobuyuki
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.2910560126
Subject(s) - carcinogen , chemistry , biology , medicine , toxicology , biochemistry
The carcinogenic potentials of 4‐methoxyphenol (4‐MP) and 4‐methylcatechol (4‐MC), phenolic compounds which are structurally similar to the known forestomach carcinogen BHA and the glandular stomach carcinogen catechol respectively, and cause considerably enhanced cell proliferation and cytotoxicities in rat forestomach and/or glandular stomach epithelium, were examined in male and female F344 rats. Groups of 30 male and female animals were administered diets containing 2% 4‐MP or 2% 4‐MC for 104 weeks. Histopathological findings in the 4‐MP case included atypical hyperplasias (male, 67%, female, 37%), papillomas (50%, 23%) and squamous‐cell carcinomas (77%, 20%) in the forestomach. 4‐MC induced forestomach papillomas (70%, 93%) and squamous‐cell carcinomas (53%, 37%), also glandular stomach submucosal hyperplasias (90%, 93%), adenomas (100%, 100%) and adenocarcinomas (57%, 47%), with ulceration or erosion. The degree of differentiation of the squamous‐cell carcinomas induced by 4‐MP was less than with 4‐MC. The present study demonstrated unequivocal forestomach carcinogenicity for 4‐MP and forestomach and glandular stomach carcinogenicity for 4‐MC, with cytotoxicity and cell proliferation both appearing as important factors for these non‐genotoxic carcinogens.