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Stimulation of the metastatic properties of lewis‐lung‐carcinoma cells by autologous granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor
Author(s) -
Young M. Rita I.,
Lozano Yvonne,
Coogan Michael,
Wright Mark A.,
Young Melvin E.,
Bagash Jamila M.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.2910500424
Subject(s) - lewis lung carcinoma , granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor , autocrine signalling , granulocyte , cancer research , stimulation , biology , colony stimulating factor , cell culture , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , pathology , medicine , stem cell , haematopoiesis , cytokine , metastasis , cancer , endocrinology , genetics
Using both polymerase‐chain‐reaction analysis and the soft‐agar colony‐forming unit assay, granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) was shown to be expressed by cloned metastatic Lewis‐lung‐carcinoma (LLC‐LN7) cells but not by non‐metastatic LLC‐C8 cells. Furthermore, the metastatic LLC‐LN7 cells were shown to respond both to autologous GM‐CSF and to exogenous recombinant GM‐CSF (rGM‐CSF). In the presence of neutralizing anti‐GM‐CSF antibodies, the metastatic LLC cells became less able to migrate or to adhere and invade through a reconstituted basement membrane. Moreover, the addition of rGM‐CSF further enhanced the capacity of the metastatic LLC cells to adhere to the reconstituted basement membrane. This stimulation of metastatic properties of the LLC cells by either autologous or exogenous GM‐CSF was associated with enhanced endogenous protein phosphorylation. Two proteins of approximately M r 45,000 and M r 64,000 were the dominant target proteins to be phosphorylated by the presence of GM‐CSF. These results suggest that autologous GM‐CSF may function as an autocrine stimulator of the metastatic properties of metastatic LLC cells.