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Plasma and dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Author(s) -
Leenders Max,
Leufkens Anke M.,
Siersema Peter D.,
Duijnhoven Fränzel J.B.,
Vrieling Alina,
Hulshof Paul J.M.,
Gils Carla H.,
Overvad Kim,
Roswall Nina,
Kyrø Cecilie,
BoutronRuault MarieChristine,
Fagerhazzi Guy,
Cadeau Claire,
Kühn Tilman,
Johnson Theron,
Boeing Heiner,
Aleksandrova Krasimira,
Trichopoulou Antonia,
Klinaki Eleni,
Androulidaki Anna,
Palli Domenico,
Grioni Sara,
Sacerdote Carlotta,
Tumino Rosario,
Panico Salvatore,
Bakker Marije F.,
Skeie Guri,
Weiderpass Elisabete,
Jakszyn Paula,
Barricarte Aurelio,
María Huerta José,
MolinaMontes Esther,
Argüelles Marcial,
Johansson Ingegerd,
Ljuslinder Ingrid,
Key Timothy J.,
Bradbury Kathryn E.,
Khaw KayTee,
Wareham Nicholas J.,
Ferrari Pietro,
DuarteSalles Talita,
Jenab Mazda,
Gunter Marc J.,
Vergnaud AnneClaire,
Wark Petra A.,
BuenodeMesquita H. Bas
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.28938
Subject(s) - colorectal cancer , medicine , lutein , european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition , carotenoid , cancer , quartile , prospective cohort study , retinol , zeaxanthin , gastroenterology , cancer prevention , vitamin , confidence interval , food science , biology
Carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E are possibly associated with a reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through antioxidative properties. The association of prediagnostic plasma concentrations and dietary consumption of carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E with the risk of colon and rectal cancer was examined in this case–control study, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Plasma concentrations of carotenoids (α‐ and β‐carotene, canthaxanthin, β‐cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, zeaxanthin) and vitamins A (retinol), C and E (α‐, β‐ and γ‐ and δ‐tocopherol) and dietary consumption of β‐carotene and vitamins A, C and E were determined in 898 colon cancer cases, 501 rectal cancer cases and 1,399 matched controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were performed to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). An association was observed between higher prediagnostic plasma retinol concentration and a lower risk of colon cancer (IRR for highest quartile = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.87, p for trend = 0.01), most notably proximal colon cancer (IRR for highest quartile = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.77, p for trend = 0.01). Additionally, inverse associations for dietary β‐carotene and dietary vitamins C and E with (distal) colon cancer were observed. Although other associations were suggested, there seems little evidence for a role of these selected compounds in preventing CRC through their antioxidative properties.