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Epigenetic regulation of hypoxia‐responsive gene expression: Focusing on chromatin and DNA modifications
Author(s) -
Tsai YaPing,
Wu KouJuey
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.28190
Subject(s) - epigenetics , chromatin , histone , biology , dna methylation , regulation of gene expression , hypoxia (environmental) , gene expression , gene , microbiology and biotechnology , transcriptional regulation , chromatin remodeling , genetics , chemistry , organic chemistry , oxygen
Mammalian cells constantly encounter hypoxia, which is a stress condition occurring during development and physiological processes. To adapt to this inevitable condition, cells develop various mechanisms to cope with this stress and survive. In addition to the activation/stabilization of transcriptional regulators (hypoxia‐inducible factors), other epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation are used. These mechanisms are mediated by various players including transcriptional coregulators, chromatin‐modifying complexes, histone modification enzymes and changes in DNA methylation status. Recent progress in all the fields mentioned above has greatly improved the knowledge of how gene regulation contributes to the hypoxic response. This review should shed light on the molecular epigenetic mechanisms of hypoxia‐induced gene regulation and help understand the processes adapted by cells to cope with hypoxia.