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Cutaneous alpha, beta and gamma human papillomaviruses in relation to squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: A population‐based study
Author(s) -
Farzan Shohreh F.,
Waterboer Tim,
Gui Jiang,
Nelson Heather H.,
Li Zhongze,
Michael Kristina M.,
Perry Ann E.,
Spencer Steven K.,
Demidenko Eugene,
Green Adele C.,
Pawlita Michael,
Karagas Margaret R.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.28176
Subject(s) - odds ratio , medicine , serology , population , hpv infection , confidence interval , beta (programming language) , case control study , meta analysis , papillomaviridae , pathology , human papillomavirus , immunology , cancer , antibody , cervical cancer , environmental health , computer science , programming language
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is common worldwide and, in immunodeficient populations, may contribute to the pathogenesis of keratinocyte cancers, particularly squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). However, their role in SCC in the general population is less clear. We conducted a comprehensive analysis to investigate the independent effects of seropositivity for cutaneous alpha, beta and gamma HPV types on risk of SCC, and a meta‐analysis of the available literature. In a population‐based case‐control study from New Hampshire, USA ( n = 1,408), histologically confirmed SCC cases and controls were tested for L1 antibodies to alpha, beta and gamma cutaneous HPV types 2–5, 7–10, 15, 17, 20, 23, 24, 27b, 36, 38, 48–50, 57, 65, 75–77, 88, 92, 95, 96, 101, 103 and 107 using multiplex serology . An increasing risk of SCC with number of beta HPVs to which an individual tested positive was observed even among those seronegative for gamma types ( p for trend = 0.016) with an odds ratio of 1.95 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07–3.56) for four or more beta types positive. In a meta‐analysis of six case‐control studies, increased SCC risks in relation to beta HPV seropositivity were found across studies (meta odds ratio = 1.45, CI = 1.27–1.66). While the prevalence of gamma HPVs assayed was somewhat higher among SCC cases than controls, the association was only weakly evident among those seronegative for beta HPVs. Overall, the association between cutaneous HPVs and skin cancers appears to be specific to SCC and to genus beta HPVs in a general US population.