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Mice lacking epidermal PPARγ exhibit a marked augmentation in photocarcinogenesis associated with increased UVB‐induced apoptosis, inflammation and barrier dysfunction
Author(s) -
Sahu Ravi P.,
DaSilva Sonia C.,
Rashid Badri,
Martel Kellie Clay,
Jernigan Danielle,
Mehta Shama R.,
Mohamed Deena R.,
Rezania Samin,
Bradish Joshua R.,
Armstrong Andrew B.,
Warren Simon,
Konger Raymond L.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.27562
Subject(s) - inflammation , apoptosis , cancer research , skin barrier , medicine , chemistry , immunology , dermatology , biochemistry
Recent studies suggest that peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists may have cancer chemopreventive activity. Other studies have shown that loss of epidermal PPARγ results in enhanced chemical carcinogenesis in mice via unknown mechanisms. However, ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure represents the primary etiological agent for skin cancer formation and the role of PPARγ in photobiology and photocarcinogenesis is unknown. In previous studies, we demonstrated that UVB irradiation of cells results in the formation of oxidized glycerophosphocholines that exhibit PPARγ ligand activity. We therefore hypothesized that PPARγ would prove to be a chemopreventive target in photocarcinogenesis. We first showed that UVB irradiation of mouse skin causes generation of PPARγ agonist species in vivo . We then generated SKH‐1 hairless, albino mice deficient in epidermal Pparg ( Pparg −/− epi ) using a cytokeratin 14 driven Cre‐LoxP strategy. Using a chronic model of UVB photocarcinogenesis, we next showed that Pparg −/− epi mice exhibit an earlier onset of tumor formation, increased tumor burden and tumor progression. Increased tumor burden in Pparg −/− epi mice was accompanied by a significant increase in epidermal hyperplasia and p53 positive epidermal cells in surrounding skin lacking tumors. After acute UVB irradiation, Pparg −/− epi mice exhibited an augmentation of both UVB‐induced Caspase 3/7 activity and inflammation. Increased apoptosis and inflammation was also observed after treatment with the PPARγ antagonist GW9662. With chronic UVB irradiation, Pparg −/− epi mice exhibited a sustained increase in erythema and transepidermal water loss relative to wildtype littermates. This suggests that PPARγ agonists could have possible chemopreventive activity in non‐melanoma skin cancer.