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Vascular effects dominate solid tumor response to treatment with combretastatin A‐4‐phosphate
Author(s) -
Jane Lunt Sarah,
Akerman Simon,
Hill Sally A.,
Fisher Matthew,
Wright Victoria J.,
ReyesAldasoro Constantino C.,
Tozer Gillian M.,
Kanthou Chryso
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.25848
Subject(s) - in vivo , apoptosis , combretastatin , necrosis , tumor necrosis factor alpha , ex vivo , clonogenic assay , in vitro , cancer research , cell , pharmacology , medicine , pathology , biology , immunology , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , microtubule , tubulin
Vascular‐targeted therapeutics are increasingly used in the clinic. However, less is known about the direct response of tumor cells to these agents. We have developed a combretastatin‐A‐4‐phosphate (CA4P) resistant variant of SW1222 human colorectal carcinoma cells to examine the relative importance of vascular versus tumor cell targeting in the ultimate treatment response. SW1222 Res cells were generated through exposure of wild‐type cells (SW1222 WT ) to increasing CA4P concentrations in vitro . Increased resistance was confirmed through analyses of cell viability, apoptosis and multidrug‐resistance (MDR) protein expression. In vivo , comparative studies examined tumor cell necrosis, apoptosis, vessel morphology and functional vascular end‐points following treatment with CA4P (single 100 mg/kg dose). Tumor response to repeated CA4P dosing (50 mg/kg/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks) was examined through growth measurement, and ultimate tumor cell survival was studied by ex vivo clonogenic assay. In vitro , SW1222 Res cells showed reduced CA4P sensitivity, enhanced MDR protein expression and a reduced apoptotic index. In vivo , CA4P induced significantly lower apoptotic cell death in SW1222 Res versus SW1222 WT tumors indicating maintenance of resistance characteristics. However, CA4P‐induced tumor necrosis was equivalent in both lines. Similarly, rapid CA4P‐mediated vessel disruption and blood flow shut‐down were observed in both lines. Cell surviving fraction was comparable in the two tumor types following single dose CA4P and SW1222 Res tumors were at least as sensitive as SW1222 WT tumors to repeated dosing. Despite tumor cell resistance to CA4P, SW1222 Res response in vivo was not impaired, strongly supporting the view that vascular damage dominates the therapeutic response to this agent.