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The association of hormonal contraceptive use and HPV prevalence
Author(s) -
Marks Morgan,
Gravitt Patti E.,
Gupta Swati B.,
Liaw KaiLi,
Kim Esther,
Tadesse Amha,
Phongnarisorn Chailert,
Wootipoom Virach,
Yuenyao Pissamai,
Vipupinyo Charoen,
Rugpao Sungwal,
Sriplienchan Somchai,
Celentano David D.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.25628
Subject(s) - medicine , cervical cancer , hpv infection , gynecology , hormonal contraception , progestin , prospective cohort study , cohort , population , obstetrics , cohort study , family planning , cancer , hormone , environmental health , research methodology
Women diagnosed with cervical cancer report longer duration and more recent use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs). It is unclear whether COC use is associated with upstream events of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection prior to development of clinical disease. The objective of our study was to assess the association of contraceptive use on the risk for prevalent HPV infection in a cohort of long‐term hormonal contraceptive (HC) users. One thousand and seventy ( n = 1,070) HIV‐negative women aged 20–37 from Thailand enrolled in a prospective study of the natural history of HPV. Baseline HPV genotype information, recency and duration of HC use, sexual behavior, other sexually transmitted infection (STI) information and cervical cytology and histology were assessed. At enrollment, 19.8% and 11.5% of women were infected with any HPV or any high‐risk (HR)‐HPV, respectively. After adjustment for age, current and past sexual risk behaviors, STI history and cytology, the use of COCs for >6 years was found to be associated with an increased risk of infection with any HPV [prevalence ratio (PR): 1.88 (1.21, 2.90)] and any HR‐HPV [PR: 2.68 (1.47, 4.88)] as compared to never users. Recent, long‐term COC use was associated with an increased risk for prevalent HPV infection independent of sexual behavior and cervical abnormalities. No similar association was observed for recent or long duration use of progestin‐only contraceptives ( i.e. , depomedroxyprogesterone acetate). These data suggest that COC use may impact early upstream events in the natural history of HPV infection.