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The association between change in body mass index and upper aerodigestive tract cancers in the ARCAGE project: Multicenter case–control study
Author(s) -
Park Sungshim Lani,
Lee YuanChin Amy,
Marron Manuela,
Agudo Antonio,
Ahrens Wolfgang,
Barzan Luigi,
Bencko Vladimir,
Benhamou Simone,
Bouchardy Christine,
Canova Cristina,
Castellsague Xavier,
Conway David I.,
Healy Claire M.,
Holcátová Ivana,
Kjaerheim Kristina,
Lagiou Pagona,
Lowry Raymond J.,
Macfarlane Tatiana V.,
Macfarlane Gary J.,
McCartan Bernard E.,
McKinney Patricia A.,
Merletti Franco,
Pohlabeln Hermann,
Richiardi Lorenzo,
Simonato Lorenzo,
Sneddon Linda,
Talamini Renato,
Trichopoulos Dimitrios,
Znaor Ariana,
Brennan Paul,
Hashibe Mia
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.25468
Subject(s) - medicine , body mass index , odds ratio , confidence interval , demography , cancer , population , environmental health , sociology
Previous studies reported an inverse relationship between body mass index (BMI) and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers. Examining change in BMI over time may clarify these previous observations. We used data from 2,048 cases and 2,173 hospital‐ and population‐based controls from ten European countries (alcohol‐related cancers and genetic susceptibility in Europe study) to investigate the relationship with BMI and adult change in BMI on UADT cancer risk. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for associations between BMI at three time intervals and BMI change on UADT cancer development, adjusting for center, age, sex, education, fruit and vegetable intake, smoking and alcohol consumption. We found an inverse relationship between UADT cancers and BMI at time of interview and 2 years before interview. No association was found with BMI at 30 years of age. Regarding BMI change between age 30 and 2 years before interview, BMI decrease (BMI change <−5%) vs. BMI stability (−5% ≤ BMI change <5%) showed no overall association with UADT cancers (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 0.89, 1.49). An increase in BMI (BMI change ≥+5%) was inversely associated with UADT cancers (OR = 0.74; 95% CI = 0.62, 0.89). BMI gain remained inversely associated across all subsites except for esophageal cancer. When stratified by smoking or by drinking, association with BMI gain was detected only in drinkers and smokers. In conclusion, BMI gain is inversely associated with UADT cancers. These findings may be influenced by smoking and/or drinking behaviors and/or the development of preclinical UADT cancers and should be corroborated in studies of a prospective nature.