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Serum olfactomedin 4 (GW112, hGC‐1) in combination with Reg IV is a highly sensitive biomarker for gastric cancer patients
Author(s) -
Oue Naohide,
Sentani Kazuhiro,
Noguchi Tsuyoshi,
Ohara Shinya,
Sakamoto Naoya,
Hayashi Tetsutaro,
Anami Katsuhiro,
Motoshita Junichi,
Ito Masanori,
Tanaka Shinji,
Yoshida Kazuhiro,
Yasui Wataru
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.24624
Subject(s) - medicine , biomarker , cancer , immunostaining , immunohistochemistry , gastroenterology , pathology , biology , biochemistry
Gastric cancer (GC) is 1 of the most common human cancers. Early detection remains the most promising approach to improving long‐term survival of patients with GC. We previously performed Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) on 4 primary GCs and identified several GC‐specific genes including Reg IV. Of these genes, olfactomedin 4 ( OLFM4 , also known as GW112 or hGC‐1) is a candidate gene for cancer‐specific expression. In this study, we examined the expression of olfactomedin 4 in human GC by immunohistochemistry. We also assessed serum olfactomedin 4 levels in GC patients by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. 94 (56%) of 167 GC cases were positive for olfactomedin 4 by immunostaining. Olfactomedin 4 staining was observed more frequently in stage I/II cases than in stage III/IV cases. The serum olfactomedin 4 concentration in presurgical GC patients ( n = 123, mean ± SE, 36.3 ± 3.5 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals ( n = 76, 16.6 ± 1.6 ng/mL). In patients with stage I GC, the sensitivity of serum olfactomedin 4 (25%) and Reg IV (35%) was superior to that of CA19‐9 (5%) or CEA (3%). Furthermore, in patients with stage I GC, the combination of olfactomedin 4 and Reg IV elevated the diagnostic sensitivity to 52%. These results suggest that serum olfactomedin 4 is a useful marker for GC and its measurement alone or in combination with Reg IV has utility in the early detection of GC. © 2009 UICC