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Trichomonosis and subsequent risk of prostate cancer in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial
Author(s) -
Sutcliffe Siobhan,
Alderete John F.,
Till Cathee,
Goodman Phyllis J.,
Hsing Ann W.,
Zenilman Jonathan M.,
De Marzo Angelo M.,
Platz Elizabeth A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.24144
Subject(s) - medicine , prostate cancer , prostate , trichomonas vaginalis , cancer , gynecology , serostatus , odds ratio , prostate biopsy , biopsy , oncology , immunology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , viral load
We previously observed a positive association between a history of trichomonosis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the protozoan, Trichomonas vaginalis , and prostate cancer risk in the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study. To determine the reproducibility of this finding, we conducted a second, prospective investigation of trichomonosis and prostate cancer in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Participants were men (≥55 years of age) with no evidence of prostate cancer at enrollment ( n = 18,882). Men were screened annually for prostate cancer, and if not diagnosed during the trial, were offered an end‐of‐study prostate biopsy. Cases were a sample of men diagnosed with prostate cancer on any biopsy after visit 2 or on their end‐of‐study biopsy ( n = 616). Controls were men not diagnosed with prostate cancer during the trial or on their end‐of‐study biopsy ( n = 616). Controls were frequency‐matched to cases by age, treatment arm, and family history of prostate cancer. Serum from visit 2 was tested for anti‐ T. vaginalis IgG antibodies. No association was observed between T. vaginalis serostatus and prostate cancer. 21.5% of cases and 24.8% of controls had low seropositivity, and 15.2% and 15.0% had high seropositivity. Compared to seronegative men, the odds ratio of prostate cancer for men with low seropositivity was 0.83 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63–1.09), and that for men with high seropositivity was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.70–1.34). Given the original strong biologic rationale and potential for prevention, additional studies are warranted to help resolve discrepancies between study findings and to further investigate this hypothesis from a variety of different approaches. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.